前言

你會覺得使用java -cp com.mycompany.Main有點麻煩，就會想有沒有更簡單的java -jar MyApp，以USER的角度而言只想無腦double click執行exe檔，這也就是我們今天要討論的範疇

Native

想要包成exe執行檔主要有幾種方式請參考如下

註：以上由ChatGPT協助整理

範例演示 - launch4j-maven-plugin

我們必須用到先前的觀念，先把專案包成Uber/Fat JAR再透過launch4j-maven-plugin將我們的Uber JAR包成exe的執行檔，這邊採用前一日的專案進行改寫

<plugins>
      <!-- Maven Shade Plugin for creating fat JAR -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.0</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <createDependencyReducedPom>false</createDependencyReducedPom>
              <transformers>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                  <mainClass>com.mycompany.app.App</mainClass>
                </transformer>
              </transformers>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>

      <!-- Launch4j Maven Plugin for creating Windows executable -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>com.akathist.maven.plugins.launch4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>launch4j-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>l4j-clui</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>launch4j</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <!-- 生成的 exe 檔案名稱 -->
              <outfile>target/MyApp.exe</outfile>
              <!-- 包裝的 jar 檔案 -->
              <jar>target/MyApp.jar</jar>
              <!-- JRE 最低版本 -->
              <minVersion>11.0.0</minVersion>
              <!-- JRE 最大版本 (可選) -->
              <maxVersion></maxVersion>
              <!-- 主類別 -->
              <mainClass>com.mycompany.app.App</mainClass>
              <!-- 設定為 console 應用程式 -->
              <headerType>console</headerType>
              <!-- 程式圖示 (可選，需要 .ico 檔案) -->
              <!-- <icon>src/main/resources/icon.ico</icon> -->
              <!-- Windows 程式資訊 -->
              <versionInfo>
                <fileVersion>1.0.0.0</fileVersion>
                <txtFileVersion>1.0.0</txtFileVersion>
                <fileDescription>MyApp - Java Application</fileDescription>
                <copyright>Copyright © 2025</copyright>
                <productVersion>1.0.0.0</productVersion>
                <txtProductVersion>1.0.0</txtProductVersion>
                <productName>MyApp</productName>
                <companyName>My Company</companyName>
                <internalName>MyApp</internalName>
                <originalFilename>MyApp.exe</originalFilename>
              </versionInfo>
              <!-- JVM 選項 -->
              <jre>
                <bundledJre64Bit>false</bundledJre64Bit>
                <!-- 自帶JRE的選項 true則需設置路徑讓它包進去-->
                <bundledJreAsFallback>true</bundledJreAsFallback>
                <path></path> <!-- 指向相對於 exe 的 JRE 目錄 -->
                <minVersion>11.0.0</minVersion>
                <jdkPreference>preferJre</jdkPreference>
                <runtimeBits>64/32</runtimeBits>
              </jre>
              <!-- 記憶體配置 -->
              <opt>-Xms64m</opt>
              <opt>-Xmx256m</opt>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>

產出結果

執行結果

範例演示 - jpackage-maven-plugin

my-app-clean project

<!-- JPackage Maven Plugin for creating native installers -->
  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.panteleyev</groupId>
    <artifactId>jpackage-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.5</version>
    <configuration>
      <!-- 應用程式基本資訊 -->
      <name>MyApp</name>
      <appVersion>1.0.0</appVersion>
      <vendor>My Company</vendor>
      <description>MyApp - Java Application with bundled JRE</description>

      <!-- 主類別和模組設定 -->
      <mainClass>com.mycompany.app.App</mainClass>
      <mainJar>MyApp.jar</mainJar>

      <!-- 輸出目錄 -->
      <destination>C:\MyAppPackage</destination>

      <!-- 應用程式類型 (app-image 創建目錄結構) -->
      <type>APP_IMAGE</type>

      <!-- 包含的檔案 -->
      <input>target</input>

      <!-- Windows console 應用程式 -->
      <winConsole>true</winConsole>

      <!-- JVM 選項 -->
      <javaOptions>
        <option>-Xms64m</option>
        <option>-Xmx256m</option>
      </javaOptions>

      <!-- 資源檔案 (可選) -->
      <!-- <resourceDir>src/main/resources</resourceDir> -->
    </configuration>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>jpackage</id>
        <phase>verify</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>jpackage</goal>
        </goals>
      </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>

Reference

• Launch4j Maven Plugin - orphan-oss
• JPackage Maven Plugin - Akman